ロシアにおける社会政策 : 現状と展望(文化論)
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概要
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This article deals with the actual state of social policy in Russia. Firstly, the situation of "new poverty" is emerging in Russia at present. The living standard has decreased among poverty-stricken groups. In addition, there is a growing income disparity. The main task of social policy in Russia is changing. The task that is being focused on has shifted from protection against high inflation to coping with unemployment and income disparity. Secondly, this paper examines "the pension problem" and the work towards relieving poverty ( = social protection) by the government. The arrear in payments of pensions is caused by the shortage in the budget in this area. The work towards relieving poverty is not sufficient. Thirdly, the problem of "off-budget funds" is dealt with. These funds consist of the pension fund, social insurance fund, medical insurance fund and employment fund. At present, the government is proposing reform of the tax system. Fourthly, the article discusses the leading actors in the reform of social policy. The social stratification gives birth to new actors in these reforms. Finally, there are demands in Russia for the reform of social policy at the present. The social benefits "from above" have been provided under the present government. The new reforms should be carried out by the leading new actors in the reform movement "from below". The prospects of the reform will be decided by the development of these new actors who criticize the social policy of the present government.
- 大阪外国語大学の論文
- 1998-03-30