ドイツにおける通信簿の萌芽(第三部(教育人間科学関連領域))

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概要

• 論文の詳細を見る

• This paper examines the origin and subsequent development of the German school report (Schulzeugnisse) with a particular focus on how it was first initiated. Several scholars assert that the current structure of the German school report is rooted in the 16th century, when the Reformation was launched by Martin Luther. The religious confrontation between the Catholic and the Protestant reconstructed the school system in Germany. The German school report has two intrinsic dimensions: as a certifying document (Zeugnisse) and as a grading document (Zensuren/Noteri). The earliest certificate was provided as the "Certificate for Charity" (Benefizienzeugnisse) in order to allow poor children to attend schools operated by the Protestant states. On the other hand, Catholic Jesuit schools adopted a competitive evaluation system to motivate and encourage students, which led to the institutionalization of marks/grades system.

• 広島大学の論文
• 2005-03-28

著者

• ト部 匡司

  広島大学大学院教育学研究科

関連論文

• 教育現象に対する視角に関する理論的研究 : 教育原理・教職教養の内容的充実を目指して
• ナチス時代の通信簿
• ドイツにおける通信簿の萌芽(第三部(教育人間科学関連領域))
• ドイツの通信簿に関するシステム論的考察

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