家畜ふん尿による外部不経済とその内部化 : 畜産公害の経済学的分析
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概要
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This paper presents economic analysis of livestock pollution in Hokkaido and attempts to show both generality and regional characteristics of this problem in comparison with that of other regions. The external diseconomies caused by livestock wastes, generally termed as livestock pollution, have a certain unique aspect in comparison with the pollution caused by the industrial sector. That can be characterized by the potential possibility of transformation from "bads", or negativelyvalued goods and services in the more orthodox sense which are equivalent to the muck of domestic animals in this case, to "goods", or positively-valued ones which in this case have been traditionally playing a positive role in maintaining and improving the soil fertility by thrown it into arable field as a mamure. In other words, it can be said that the agricultural sector within itself originally contains the system of internalizing external diseconomies accompamied by the activity, which provides us with one of typical examples of internalization. In Hokkaido where livestock pollution has been said to cause relatively less serious troubles than other regions, but the situation around it there has begun changing because of intensifying congestion in urban areas. Main points discussed in this paper are as follows : 1. Livestock pollution can be relatively classified into two types : the one is "man-dominant pollution" in urban areas and the other is "livestock-dominant pollution" in rural and suburban areas. 2. Although livestockpollution of Hokkaido belongs to the latter type of the pollution at prefectural level, that of Sapporo city at municipal level belongs to the former. 3. The internalizing performance taken by the management is considered to show relatively different patterns corresponding to two types discribed above.
- 北海道大学の論文
- 1982-03-25