Hall Effect in Liquid Copper Alloys

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Hall coefficients of liquid copper alloys Cu-Bi, Cu-Sb, Cu-Sn and Cu-In have been measured by means of the double-alternating current method in a wide temperature range from 500° to 950℃. No temperature dependence of the Hall coefficient is observed in the liquid state of these alloys. The observed composition dependence of the Hall coefficient for the liquid Cu-Bi alloy is in good agreement with that calculated under the assumption of random mixing of Cu^<+1> and Bi^<+5> ions and of free electron approximation. In the other copper alloys, however, deviations from the free electron values R_0 calculated under the above simple situation are observed. It is considered that some of the constitutent atoms are randomly distributed and others are associated into clusters consisting of several atoms. Such a cluster is referred to as a pseudo-molecule. A theoretical formula for the Hall coefficients of these liquid alloys is derived as a function of the quantities n_R/N, 2p and αΩ_0 where n_R/N is the concentration of the pseudo-molecules, 2p is the number of localized electrons contributing to the bonding of the pseudo-molecule andαΩ_0 an effective volume of pseudo-molecule seen by conduction electrons. Using experimental values of these parameters obtained from the observation of the heat of mixing, magnetic susceptibility and the electrical resistivity, composition dependence of the Hall coefficients of the liquid Cu-In and Cu-Sn alloys are calculated in good agreement with the observed ones. The temperature dependence of the Hall coefficients estimated from the above formula is found too small to be observed with the present technique of experiment.
東北大学の論文

Hall Effect in Liquid Copper Alloys

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