スポーツ指向と社会統合に関する一考察

概要

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The continuity of society requires that there be some type of interaction and cooperation within its members. The social integration is secured through the interaction and cooperation its members. Sport is thought to guarantee in this connection through symbolism, ritual, ceremony and so on. That is to say, sport can be provides a common background for interaction and cooperation. To this day, even though there has been many conjectures as to that this social function of sport might be, and there are common belief that sport is a social integrator, it is true that there has been a paucity of empirical study for this field. This is because of the sociology of sport is at an incipient stage of its development. This study tried to examine the influence of some social characteristics on the extent to which sport has an integrational function in comtemporary complex society. That is, this study had two interrelated main purposes : (1) to explore the relationships between certain social characteristics (sex, age, occupation) and the way in which individuals are associated with sport ; and (2) to investigate the purported social integration function of sport with relation to (1). As to (1), it was examined with relation to the knowledge of sport, interest in sport and involvement in sport. And as to (2), it was measured in two ways : by the feeling of alienation, including three level feeling ; and by the number of organizations belonged to. The data was collected by the social survey : a 65 item questionnaire designed to 434 respondents during Nov. 11, 1978-Nov. 29, 1978. The findings of this study appeared as followes. As to (1) : an association with sport was related to such social characteristics as sex, age, and occupation in general. That is to say, respondents who had the closest association with sport was male respondents, younger respondents and student respondents. Significant distinctions were found between the sexes with respect to : choice of favorite teams and players, the degree to which respondents play sports themselves, frequency of attendance at sports events, and indirect sport participation through mass media. There were significant age distinctions with respect to the following dependent variables : the sport knowledge score, personal definitions of the word "sport", the degree to which respondents considered themselves to be sports fans, choice of favorite teams and players, the degree to which respondents play sports themselves, and indirect sport participation through mass media. There were significant distinctions in occupation with respect to the following dependent variables : the sport knowledge score, personal definitions of the word "sport", the degree to which respondents considered themselves to be sports fans, choice of favorite teams and players, the degree to which respondents play sports themselves, and indirect sport participation through mass media. As to (2), neither of the two social integration measures (belonged to number of organizations, the feeling of alienation) were found to be significant relationship of sport association. Even though it was felt that sport had the normal function to the social integration, it was suggested that sport had something to do for it but there were many kinds of factors for a common background for interaction and cooperation for members in society.
中京大学の論文
1980-03-01

著者

澤田誠一
向陽台高等学校

スポーツ指向と社会統合に関する一考察

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