神戸女学院中庭におけるスミレ類とアリの空間分布

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Three species of Viola and at least three species of ants have colonized in the drainage ditch of the courtyard of Kobe College since the campus was established at Okadayama 70 years ago. The commonest species, Viola mandshurica was found over the entire ditch, and especially in northern half of the court at higher density. Distribution of V. yadoensis which becomes currently rare in the urban area of Nishinomiya, was restricted to the northern part of the court. V. confuse was found mainly in the south-eastern part of the court at low density. Dominant ant species Tetramorium caespitum was widely distributed in the entire range of the ditch, and supposed to play an important role of dispersing Viola seeds. Another ant species Pheidole nodus was less numerous, but may also contribute the seed dispersal in some portions of the ditch. However, our analysis on spatial distributions on small spatial scale didn't show any positive associations, which were expected as a consequence of their mutualistic interactions between Viola and ant species. We discussed some ecological factors influencing the spatial distributions of both plants and ants. In this study we first time addressed conservation problems of Viola and ants' populations potentially threatened by road improvement plan for 70 years anniversary of the campus establishment. Unfortunately, these populations had been largely destroyed before we obtained any suggestions for alternative methods of the improvement. From this we can learn a lesson that we should reconstruct a society to respect scientific procedures for promoting nature conservation.
2004-07-20

神戸女学院中庭におけるスミレ類とアリの空間分布

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