Genotypic Variation of the Ability of Root to Penetrate Hard Soil Layers among Japanese Wheat Cultivars(Crop Physiology and Ecology)
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概要
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The hard soil in the field is a major constraint for the cereal production because it mechanically restricts the root expansion and water absorption. The ability of root to penetrate into the hard soil is an important factor affecting yield stability of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under hard soil and drought conditions. We investigated the variation in the penetrating ability of roots (PA) among Japanese wheat cultivars and its relationship with other shoot and root characters to acquire basic information to develop the cultivars with a higher PA. The evaluation was conducted by the two experiments using the two groups of cultivars : 1) 43 Hokkaido cultivars in the first experiment, 2) 38 Honsyu, including Shikoku and Kyusyu, cultivars in the second experiment. In each experiment, one seedling of each cultivar was grown in a pot with a disc made of paraffin and Vaseline mixture (PV) as a substitute for the hard soil layer. The number of roots penetrating through the PV disc per plant (NRP), the number of seminal and crown roots reached the PV disc per plant (NRR) and the penetration index (PI=NRP/NRR) of each cultivar were evaluated as the traits related to PA. NRP significantly varied with the cultivar from 4.0 to 29.7 and 3.0 to 22.0 in the first and second experiments, respectively. NRP were significantly correlated with NRR (r=0.644 in the first and r=0.477 in the second experiment) and PI (r=0.863 in the first and r=0.811 in the second experiment), but the relationships between NRR and PI were not significant (r=0.260 in the first and r=0.190 in the second experiment). NRR was significantly correlated with the degree of winter growth habit (requirement of vernalization), root dry weight (DW) above the PV disc, the number of stems and leaf DW in each population. Correlations between PI and other characters were low or not significant. These results indicate that a large genotypic variation exists among Japanese wheat cultivars in NRP, and that PI is a suitable indicator of PA. Cultivars with a high PA detected in this study will be useful genetic resources of wheat to improve the yield stability under drought and hard soil conditions.
- 日本作物学会の論文
著者
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Iwama Kazuto
Research Faculty Of Agriculture Hokkaido University
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Iwama Kazuto
Division Of Bioresources And Product Science Hokkaido Univ.
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JITSUYAMA Yutaka
Department of Agrobiology and Bioresorces, Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University
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Iwama Kazuto
Department of Botany and Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido Universtiy
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Kubo Katashi
Department of Botany and Agronomy, Graduate School of Agriculture, Hokkaido University
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Yanagisawa Akira
Hokkaido Prefectural Kitami Agricultural Experiment Station
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Watanabe Yoshiaki
National Institute of Crop Science
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Terauchi Takayoshi
Department of Botany and Agronomy, Graduate School of Agriculture, Hokkaido University
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Mikuma Toshiya
Department of Botany and Agronomy, Graduate School of Agriculture, Hokkaido University
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Jitsuyama Yutaka
Research Faculty Of Agriculture Hokkaido University
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Jitsuyama Yutaka
Division Of Bioresources And Product Science Hokkaido Univ.
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Jitsuyama Yutaka
Department Of Agrobiology And Bioresorces Faculty Of Agriculture Hokkaido University
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Kubo Katashi
Research Faculty Of Agriculture Hokkaido University:(present Office)national Agricultural Research C
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Kubo Katashi
National Institute Of Crop Science (nics):(present Office)national Agricultural Research Center For
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Mikuma Toshiya
Department Of Botany And Agronomy Graduate School Of Agriculture Hokkaido University
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Terauchi Takayoshi
Department Of Botany And Agronomy Graduate School Of Agriculture Hokkaido University
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Watanabe Yoshiaki
National Agricultural Res. Center
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Watanabe Yoshiaki
National Agricultural Research Center
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Yanagisawa Akira
Department Of Applied Chemistry National Defense Academy
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Watanabe Yoshiaki
Hokkaido Prefectural Kitami Agricultural Experiment Station
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Terauchi Takayoshi
National Institute of Crop Science
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Kubo Katashi
Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University:(Present office)National Agricultural Research Center for kyushu Okinawa Region
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Terauchi Takayoshi
National Agricultural Research Center for Hokkaido Region, Memuro Research Station
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