我が国社会学の黎明期(I) : 幕末から明治前期を中心に

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概要

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• The purpose of this research on "The Dawning of Sociology in Japan(I)" is to make clear the socio-cultural background to the formation of sociology in Japan from the viewpoint of acculturation theory. In Japan, sociology as one of the modern empirical social sciences was derived from European and American sociology. First, Auguste Comte's "Cours de philosophie positeive"(1930-42)was partially introduced by Nishi Amane and Tsuda Masamichi, who had been sent to Holland for study by the government from 1862 to 1865 in the last days of the Tokugawa regime. Thereafter, at the beginning of the Meiji era, Herbert Spencer's "Principles of Sociology"(1876-96)was systematically introduced by Toyama Shouichi who was a student sent to England by the government, and Ernest F. Fenollosa, an American in Japanese government employment. It is certain that the introduction of Comte's and Spencer's sociological theories made a contribution to the development of sociology in Japan, but the Japan into which they were imported was certainly no socio-cultural blank sheet. Generally speaking, the diffusion of culture is moderated by the socio-cultural conditions of the receiving society. We have examined, therefore, the prehistory of sociology in Japan, focusing on Confucian ideas and on studies of Western sciences by means of the Dutch language in the last days of the Tokugawa regime. As a result, in the studies of Miura Baien(1723-89)and Hoashi Banri(1778-1852), we could confirm the presence of important methodological conceptions necessary for the acceptance of sociological thinking in Japan: namely, empirical and positivistic methods, and their application to the analysis of social phenomena. Because of space considerations, however, we were unable to consider in this work the following problems:(1)the systematic introduction of Western sociology into Japan by Toyama Shouichi, Ernest Fenollosa and Ariga Nagao,(2)the establishment of sociology in Japan by Tatebe Tongo, Endou Koukichi and Yoneda Shoutarou, and(3)Ernest Fenollosa and sociology in Japan. Those problems will be considered in our next paper `The Dawning of Sociology in Japan(II)'.

• 2006-02-15

著者

• 北川 紀男

  桃山学院大学社会学部

関連論文

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• 共同研究報告「大学問題の社会学(1)」
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• 秋山ひさ著『明治期日本の異文化交流と社会学』(一九九九年,大空社
• 北川紀男教授略歴および主要業績目録 (北川紀男教授退任記念号)
• 我が国社会学の黎明期(I) : 幕末から明治前期を中心に
• 津金澤教授・松本教授・西川教授のご退任にあたって(津金澤聡廣教授・松本眞一教授・西川一廉教授退任記念号)
• ビブリオグラフィー : 英国における世俗化論争 : B. WilsonとD. Martin(共同研究 : 社会学史年表の作成)

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