Analysis of the release of nickel from orthodontic wires using the dimethylglyoxime spot test : in vitro and in vivo study

概要

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Recently, much attention has been focused on allergic diseases thought to be caused by dental metals. Orthodontic materials contain metals that can induce metal allergies, and it is possible that metal ions are eluted from orthodontic materials by the corrosive action of saliva, electrolytes in food debris, and acids produced by bacteria. Nickel (Ni), in particular, is thought to be a typical antigen for metal allergy ; the numbers of patients with Ni allergy are increasing. In this study, we evaluated the release of Ni from orthodontic wires in various acids as the products of oral bacteria using the dimethylgyoxime test (DMG test), which detects the release of Ni. Ni release from nickel-titanium (Ni-Ti) wire occurred in hydrochloric, lactic, formic, phosphoric, and acetic acids. Stainless steel and Ni-Ti coated with Au wires released Ni in hydrochloric and formic acids, respectively. Cobalt chromium (Co-Cr) wire released Ni when placed in hydrochloric, formic and acetic acids. Further, wires that had been placed in oral cavities during orthodontic treatment were analyzed for Ni release by the DMG test. Though just one in 75 Ni-Ti rectangular wires and 2 in 66 Co-Cr rectangular wires released Ni, careful consideration of the materials used is necessary in the treatment of patients with allergies, since the orthodontic wires can release Ni.
日本矯正歯科学会の論文