Differences in timing of growth peak in craniofacial complex between present-day and past generation Japanese girls during the pubertal growth period

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Generally, the timing of the peak height velocity (PHV) has been becoming earlier in the present-day Japanese population when compared with past Japanese generations. The maximum pubertal growth (MPG) of facial skeleton could be also considered to be shifting to earlier age. The purpose of the present study is to compare the appearance of the MPG in facial skeletal structures in present-day Japanese to past generations. Thirteen Japanese girls born during 1944 to 1945, representing a past generation, and twenty-three girls born during 1977 to 1983, representing present-day Japanese, were subjected to the cephalometric analysis. Lateral cephalograms taken every year during age 8 to 15 were traced and the tracings were subjected to cephalometic measurement using a computer-based cephalometric analyzing system. Annual changes and increments in the linear and angular measurements were calculated. They were statistically analyzed by using Student t-test. The largest increase in the size of cranial base and maxilla appeared during age 9 to 10 and that in the mandible appeared during age 11 to 12 in the present-day Japanese, one or more years prior to the past Japanese generation. Thus the MPG in the present-day Japanese girls in the facial skeleton took place earlier than that in the past Japanese population similar to that in the somatic growth.
日本矯正歯科学会の論文