STUDIES ON ANTITUMOR POLYSACCHARIDES OF FLAMMULINA VELUTIPES (CURT. EX FR.) SING.II. THE STRUCTURE OF EA_3 AND FURTHER PURIFICATION OF EA_5

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An antitumor polysaccharide, EA_3 isolated from a Japanese edible mushroom, Flammulina velutipes (CURT. ex FR.) SING.^<1-3)> is composed of D-glucose. Studies to determine its structure were performed by mean of partial acid hydrolysis, acetolysis and the chemical analysis of the complete hydrolysates of the fully methylated polysaccharide. Thus the chemical structure of EA_3 was found to be that of a β-(1→3)-glucan. Another antitumor polysaccharide (EA_5) also isolated from F.velutipes^<2,3)> was fractionated on a concanavalin A-Sepharose 4B column. The active antitumor component was further purified by column chromatography on Sephadex G-200. Among the polysaccharides isolated the highest molecular weight polysaccharide (EA_<501>) showed the highest rate of antitumor activity. The component sugar of EA_<501> were found to be D-glucose 42.3%, D-galactose 17.3%, D-mannose 12.2%, D-xylose 6.7% and L-arabinose 14.7%.