鋼の電弧熔接用電極棒被覆劑の研究(第 1 報) : 熔着鋼の見掛の比重に及ぼす電極棒被覆熔劑の組成の影響
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Among many factors which affect the apparent specific gravity of deposited metal, the chemical composition of electrode-coating is an important one. In the present work, the author has studied on the composition of coating consisting of flux only for the simplification. Using different kinds of flux and rods of extremely low carbon steel, many kinds of coated electrode were prepared. The single V butt joint of soft steel plates was made by hand welding, and the apparent specific gravity of the deposited metal was measured. From the result the following relations between the apparent specific gravity of deposited metal and the composition of coated flux were found. (1) Silica in the flux generally increases the combustion of carbon in molten steels and decreases the apparent specific gravity of deposited metal, owing to the formation of blow holes. (2) Calcium oxide is an important constituent in the flux acting probably as the stabilizer of electric arc. (3) Charcoal powder in the flux has a tendency to increase blow holes in the deposited metal. (4) Coexistence of silica and calcium fluoride in the flux causes to increase blow holes in the deposited metal, owing probably to the formation of gaseous silicon fluoride, SiF_4. (5) The presence of a large amount of oxide of high melting point, such as Cr_2O_3,reduces the apparent specific gravity of deposited metal, owing to the formation of blow holes by the oxidation of carbon and also to the inclusion of slag which is difficult of separation. (6) In the case of carbonate exist in the flux, the apparent specific gravity of deposited metal is not always large. (7) Sodium compounds, for examples Na_2SiO, Na_2CO_3 and NaHCO_3,in the flux generally increase the apparent specific gravity of deposited metal, while the addition of a large quantity of borax gives the inverse result. (8) Addition of potassium ferrocyanide in the flux decreases the apparent specific gravity of deposited metal, owing to the formation of cyanogen.
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