アルミニウム合金突合せ継手の TIG 溶接による応力と変形

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An experimental study is made on the formation of stress and distortion in argon-shielded GTAW of butt joints of nonheat-treatable Al-Mg alloy plates. Measurements are made of the changes in temperature, transverse distortion and restraint stress during welding unrestrained or H-type restrained V-groove joints of 6mm thick plate. In addition, the longitudinal residual stresses and distortion as well as the temperature distributions are observed for groove welds of 10mm thick plates free from external restraint. The results obtained can be summarized as follows : 1) The shielding gas flow accelerates cooling of the surface layer in the deposited metal and the surrounding base metal area, and has influence on the angular distortions of weld. 2) The transverse thermal expansion of base metal that occurs during welding reduces the root gap, consequently promoting the transverse shrinkage. In the restrained welds, compressive restraint stress is produced at the initial stage of cooling process, and afterwards changes to shrinkage stress, the magnitude of which eventually reaches near the proof stress of the heat-affected base metal. 3) The longitudinal dimensional change of base metal that occurs during welding according to the nonuniform temperature change in it causes rotational distortion, which gives occasion to longitudinal hot cracking near the starting-point of weld bead. 4) The longitudinal plastic shrinkage produced at the weld area is greater at the bottom surface than at the top surface subjected to shielding gas flow, and induces longitudinal angular distortion convex at the top side.
1980-03-05

アルミニウム合金突合せ継手の TIG 溶接による応力と変形

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