Geographic Variation in the Body Size of Some Japanese Leptocarabus Species (Coleoptera, Carabidae) : The "Toppled-Domino Pattern" in Species along a Geographic Cline

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概要

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• We analyzed the geographic pattern of body size variation in five species belonging to the subgenera Leptocarabus and Adelocarabus in the genus Leptocarabus (Coleoptera, Carabidae) in the Japanese Archipelago. Except for L. (L.) hiurai in Shikoku, these species are parapatric or partially sympatric with each other. In all four species, the northeastern populations had larger bodies than the southwestern populations, while in any two parapatric species the southwestern species had larger bodies than the northeastern species. We called this type of geographic variation the "toppled-domino pattern". Within each species, body size was positively correlated with the annual mean temperature of the locality (the converse of Bergmann's rule). The toppled-domino pattern resulted from (1) interspecific differences in the altitudinal range at the boundary zone, where southwestern species occurred at lower altitudes than northeastern species, and (2) intraspecific regional differences in body size, in which northeastern populations have larger bodies than southwestern populations under the same temperature conditions. In L. (L.) procerulus and L. (A.) arboreus from Honshu, the interspecific difference in mean body size at sympatric sites was greater in cooler habitats. This trend was more evident in central Honshu, where there are alpine zones, than in northern Honshu, where there are no alpine zones. We hypothesize that the observed geographic patterns of intra- and interspecific body size variation resulted from (1) climatic adaptation during colonization and range shift by Leptocarabus through the glacial and inter-glacial periods, and (2) the effects on body size evolution of interspecific interactions in a contact zone.

• 2000-06-25

著者

• SOTA Teiji

  Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Kyoto University

• TAKAMI Yasuoki

  Department of Natural History, Graduate School of Science, Tokyo Metropolitan University

• KUBOTA Kohei

  Laboratory of Forest Zoology, Graduate School of Agriculture and Agricultural Life Sciences, The Uni

• Ishikawa Ryosuke

  Co-op Olympia 320

• Ishikawa Ryosuke

  Department Of Natural History Faculty Of Science Tokyo Metropolitan University

• Ishikawa Ryosuke

  Entomological Laboratory Kyushu University

• Ishikawa Ryosuke

  Entomological Laboratory Faculty Of Agriculture Kyushu University

• Ishikawa Ryosuke

  Co-op Olympia

• Ishikawa R

  Tokyo Metropolitan Univ. Tokyo Jpn

• Sota T

  Department Of Zoology Graduate School Of Science Kyoto University

• Sota Teiji

  Department Of Biology Faculty Of Science Shinshu University

• Kubota Kohei

  Laboratory Of Forest Zoology Division Of Agriculture And Agricultural Life Sciences The University O

• Takami Yasuoki

  Department Of Natural History Faculty Of Science Tokyo Metropolitan University

• Sota Teiji

  Department Of Biology Facuity Of Science Shinshu University

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