Balancing between Host- and Food-foraging by the Host-feeding Pupal Parasitoid Pimpla luctuosa Smith (Hymenoptera : Ichneumonidae)

概要

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Laboratory experiments were conducted on the host-feeding parasitoid Pimpla luctuosa to determine how needs for hosts and non-host food influence the foraging decision of whether to forage for hosts or for food. Females provided with both hosts and water lived longer than females provided with only water but shorter than females provided with honey-water and hosts, indicating that host hemolymph and carbohydrate are both needed to maximize longevity. In the wind tunnel, females and males that had fed on honey responded to honey odor while those fed on sucrose water or only water did not respond to honey odor, suggesting the effect of learning. When given a choice between vanilla odor associated with hosts and honey odor, most of starved females that had experienced these two odors preferred honey over vanilla, but many of honey-fed females preferred vanilla. The response by females given only hosts and water for 2 days was intermediate between starved and well-fed females. When given only hosts and water for 4 days, many females did not exhibit flight response to odors. These results suggest that P. luctuosa females make choices between host-foraging and food-foraging based on their continuously shifting needs for hosts and for food.
日本昆虫学会の論文
1999-03-25