Cystatin C-positive Macrophages and Dendritic Cells in the Rat Incisor Pulp
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Localization of cystatin C, an endogenous cysteine protease inhibitor, was examined in the dental pulp of rat incisors using immunofluorescence microscopy. Based on double labeling with ED1 and anti-cystatin C antibodies, it was determined that anti cystatin C-labeled cells were macrophages and/or dendritic cells. Furthermore, cells in the incisor pulp were characterized by triple labeling with anti-cystatin C antibodies, ED2 antibodies for resident macrophages and OX6 antibodies for MHC class II antigens. Three cysteine proteases, cathepsin B, L and S, were also examined with immunocytochemistry. The results showed, firstly, that cystatin C single-positive cells were localized in early apical pulp, and that these cells were presumably immature macrophages invading newly formed dental pulp. Secondly, about half of OX6^+ cells in the middle and incisal pulp were ED2^+, indicating that resident macrophages in addition to dendritic cells contribute to antigen surveillance via MHC Class II presentation. Thirdly, cathepsin S was present in cystatin C^+ cells, and therefore they may be involved in formation of proteolytic environment in whole dental pulp. In conclusion, cystatin C-positive macrophages and possibly dendritic cells may play a role in regulating the proteolytic environment of the dental pulp as well as in immunological surveillance.
- 日本組織細胞化学会の論文
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