歯周疾患とプロスタグランジン産生に関する研究 : 補体活性化とプロスタグランジン産生との相互作用について

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Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from the wall of gram-negative bacteria plays an important part as an initiative factor in periodontal disease. LPS has various biological activities, and causes cleavage of complement by both the classical and the alternate pathways, production of anaphylatoxins, secretion of lymphokines, chemotaxis of neutrophils, production of prostaglandins, increase of collagenase activity. In initial lesion in periodontitis, complements and prostaglandins may play the role of chemical mediator or chemical modulator. Recently, it was shown that complements promote prostaglandins production, and prostaglandins promote increase of collagenase activity in vitro. Experimental periodontitis was induced by inoculating the gingiva of rats with LPS from E. coli. There were three aims in this study : First, to investigate changes with time in the amount of complement and prostaglandins, and the activities of collagenase in gingiva and serum. Second, to clarify the immunohistochemical localization of prostaglandin E_1. Third, to investigate direct effect of LPS, with and without anti-interleukin 1, on prostaglandin E_1 release from freshly isolated rat peritoneal macrophages and fibroblastic cell ATCC CRL 1213. Results were as follows. 1. There were 2 peaks in amount of C3 c in gingival extracts. The values of C3 c were 1.57 times higher after three hours, 1.02 higher after six hours, and 1.97 higher after 12 hours than the normal level, and were nearly normal level after 72 hours. 2. No marked changes were seen in C3 c in serum. 3. There were 2 peaks in amount of PGE_1 in gingival extracts. The values of PGE_1 were 7.44 times higher after three hours, 2.64 higher after six hours, and 9.81 higher after 24 hours than the normal level, and were nearly normal level after 72 hours. 4. PGE_1 in serum was below the level of detection. 5. There were 2 peaks in amount of PGE_2 in gingival extracts. The values of PGE_2 were 4.98 times higher after three hours, 2.30 higher after six hours, and 12.46 higher after 24 hours than the normal level, and were nearly normal level after 72 hours. 6. PGE_2 in serum was below the level of detection. 7. The immunohistochemistry of PGE_1 in periodontal tissue showed strong PGE_1-positive staining in lamina propria three hours after LPS inoculation. The positive staining decreased greatly six hours after inoculation. 8. In the cell culture experiment, PGE_1 production in cell-free supernatants of macrophages stimulated by LPS increased at 16.6 ng after 360 minutes. Stimulated by LPS in the presence of anti-IL-1, the production increased at 5.9 ng after 60 minutes, and decreased afterward. 9. In the cell culture experiment, PGE_1 production in cell-free supernatants of fibroblastic cell line ATCC CRL 1213 stimulated by LPS increased at 10.25 ng after 360 minutes. Stimulated by LPS in the presence of anti-IL-1, the production increased at 3.10 ng after 180 minutes, and decreased afterward. 10. There was diphasic change in amount of type I collagen in gingival extracts. The values of type I collagen were 0.95 times higher after three hours, 0.90 higher after six hours, and 0.79 higher after 24 hours than the normal level. According to these results, it was shown that LPS stimulate cleavage of complement, production of prostaglandin, increase of collagenase activity. The direct effect of LPS and indirect effect through cells and others resulted in diphasic changes. Cleavage of complement, production of prostaglandin, increase of collagenase activity interact in initial lesion in periodontal disease.
九州歯科学会の論文
1990-12-25

著者

坂口洋一
九州歯科大学歯科保存学第二講座

歯周疾患とプロスタグランジン産生に関する研究 : 補体活性化とプロスタグランジン産生との相互作用について

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