広島県における地域的集落システムとその変化 : 人口移動を指標として

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Settlement system has a hieralchical structure which consists of national, regional and daily system. Inter-settlement migration is one of the most useful measures analyzing national and regional system structure. Because of the complexity of interactions between cities, towns and villages in these days, the complex structure of settlement system, which could not be elucidated with methods heretofore in use, has to be analyzed. In Hiroshima Prefecture prefectural area almost coincides with the area of tightly combined regional system. In this paper the author analyzed the structure of regional settlement system and its change between 1967 and 1983 in Hiroshima Prefecture. The main findings are summarized as follows. 1. Migration pattern in 1983 were analyzed with Modified Weaber Method and it appeared that 12 centers of in-migration existed in the regional system of Hiroshima Prefecture. Hiroshima City is the dominant center of tightly combined regional system. Fukuyama and Kure are centers of local system consisted of their neighbouring cities, towns and villages and subordinate to Hiroshima City. Another centers are more loosely combined with their neighbouring cities, towns and villages than Hiroshima City or Fukuyama with them and these centers are tightly combined with Hiroshima City. Accordingly these centers and their neighbouring cities, towns and villages construct loosely combined sub-systems which are included in Hiroshima City or Fukuyama system, and which could not be elucidated with methods heretofore in use. 2. Generally speaking the regional settlement system of Hiroshima Prefecture changed a little from 1967 to 1983. However Hiroshima City was more tightly combined in 1983 than in 1967 with cities, towns and villages in eastern part of Hiroshima Prefecture. In this area Fukuyama system reduced from 1967 to 1983. The areas of sub-systems centered Fuchu-cho and Shin'ichi disappeared in 1983. In the northern part Miyoshi system expanded and encroached Shobara ssystem. In central area Higashihiroshima system also expanded. Accordingly it is interpreted that sub-system are being weeded out and integrated in Hiroshima Prefecture. 3. Calculating average distance that in-migrants moved from previous residences to each center of sub-system, the locational characteristics of each center in the prefectural area and effect of distance from Hiroshima City to the center were analyzed. Particularly the average distances of Fuchu-cho, Itsukaichi and Shin'ichi are shorter than others. Because Fuchu-cho and Itsukaichi are satellite town of Hiroshima City, Shin'ichi that of Fukuyama and there are many migrants from Hiroshima City to Fuchu-cho and Itsukaichi and from Fukuyama to Shin'ichi. 4. For the purpose of analyzing the relation between number of in-migrants and distances which they moved, spatial interaction model was applied to migration data and distance parameter of each center was estimated. The distance parameter estimates of Hiroshima City is least-negative than all other centers. Accordingly the accessibility of Hiroshima City is exceedingly high and it is explained that many migrants move from almost all cities, towns and villages in Hiroshima Prefecture to Hiroshima City. Fuchu-cho, Itsukaichi and Hatsukaichi have also less-negative-estimates. These three towns has turn into satellite towns of Hiroshima. They and Hiroshima City have tightly combined like one region and act as a center of prefectural-wide regional system. The parameter estimates of another centers are less-negative than that of Hiroshima City and this fact proves that these are centers of limited local sub-systems. Variations of the estimates explain the detailed characteristics of centers which could not be explained by the analysis of migration pattern.
地理科学学会の論文

広島県における地域的集落システムとその変化 : 人口移動を指標として

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