水道水,水道原水中の微量有機物及び塩素処理副生成物の分析化学的研究
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概要
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Plasticizers (phthalate esters and organophosphate triesters), cyclic sulfur molecules, agricultural chemicals for paddy rice, and phenols were detected at the ng ml^<-1> level in water resources ; all of these materials were also detected in a water supply at nearly the same concentrations as in river water. We also studied the behavior and kinetics of agricultural chemicals, plasticizers, and Phenols in tap water and their sources. Concerning thiobencarb, a herbicide used for paddy rice not detected in a water supply, we clarified its degradation characteristics on the chlorination and degradation pathways to its degradation products, and revealed their concentrations in tap water. We attempted to determine unidentified halogenated disinfection by-products (゜HDBPs), and established a method for a systematic analysis of 34 HDBPs, including known HDBPs. The concentrations of trihalomethanes (THMs) measured by this method were found not to be overestimated, and to be close to the true concentrations, unlike those obtained by the purge and trap -GC/MS method or head space (HS)-GC/MS method,and part of the materials resoonsible for the positive errors observed in the HS-GC/MS method could be clarified. Intermediate and final HDBPs were found to increase in tap water that has been stored in a water tank compared with tap water before storage ; the increases were particularly notable inhaloacetic acids. The level of dichloroacetic acid in tap water, which originated from river water and stored in a water tank, sometime exceeded 40ng ml^<-1> in the summer. In heated tap water, intermediate HDBPs decreased with increases in the water temperature and the duration of heating, and part of them were converted to THMs and dihaloacetic acid, which are final HDBPs. We further clarified part the reaction pathways of HDBPs, and showed that the sources of disinfection by-products can be identified from the compositional ratio of HDBPs.
- 社団法人日本分析化学会の論文
- 2004-08-05
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