少年非行に見る日本社会の不安全性 (<特集>非行・犯罪研究と日本社会の"安全性")
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概要
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The statistics of crimes and the others show that there isn't so large and obvious unsafety in Japan. Therefore, in this report, the author indicated some latent unsafe factors in Japan reflected in the juvenile delinquency and analyzed them. This points are as follows. 1. Juvenile delinquents are composed of two strata. One of them is made of temporary delinquents named "initial type", who raise up the total number of juvenile delinquents. Most of them don't have any actual handicaps in their environments. Their increase caused "generalization of juvenile delinquency." Another stratum is made of "traditional type" producted in the subculture which accepts delinquency. Most of these traditional delinquents have some handicaps in their environments and repeat delinquency without enough resistance. The typical traditional delinquents are found out in groups brought up in housing developments. This phenomenon is considered the reflection of the tightening the boundary between the upper and the under classes in Japan. 2. The increase of juvenile delinquency shows the thinning of the norm conciousness of young generation. It seems related to the fact that the society is becoming narcissisitic. 3. Society of Japan sets a higher value on academic careers. Practically about 95 percent of juveniles go on to high schools. This tendency extends the moratorium for young generation. But the society does not prepare any status for them except for "students." So juveniles who don't go on to high schools cannot find the living space in our society. As a result, delinquent groups give it to them substituting for society. 4. Delinquency by low-teens is increasing. Also pre-delinquent behaviours and neurotic behaviours such as school refusal, violence in family or school, bullying and suicide by them are increasing too. This phenomenon seems to be related to the increase of psychological stress on them, which is caused by "examination race." Consequently, the author considers that the society should recognize that there is a stratum bringing forth many delinquents and give them real conclousness as members of their communities, preparing for them the social status except for "students." The system treating delinquents should coordinate the function of protection of them and the function of confronting them with the law or "social reality."
- 日本犯罪社会学会の論文