少年非行と共稼ぎ家庭
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概要
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This article reports on the relationship between juvenile delinquency and the family in which both husband and wife work. It is written from the working mothers' points of view. There have been varied arguments presented about this problem since 1965 or so. In our country, the number of working women has increased rapidly in these years. At the same time, a number of children found new forms of independence and frequntly got into trouble. It was then claimed that the increasing number of married women in the labour force had contributed to the increase of juvenile delinquency. This view originated from the following two view points. The first point is the prevailing maxim of "Children First" and another is the traditional ideology of Japanese women's sexual roles. These basic view points must be reconsidered when we discuss the relationships between juvenile delinquency and working mothers. In recent yeard, married women's occupational brackets have graduately changed from non-professional to more professional ones. Here we classify working mothers into three types: Mothers Working for economic reasons, mothers working to enjoy their leisure activities and to purchase more luxury, and mothers working in professions. Formerly, the first type was perceived as more important in relation to juvenile delinquency. Recently, however, the second and the third types of working mothers have become more important than ever. This is because of the fact that, there is not such strong relationships between juvenile delinquency and poverty in the present society. The second and the third types of working mothers can quit their jobs. In other words,from the economic points of view, these working mothers can stop their occupations if they want to. Therefore, when the public opinion claims that working mothers are the main causal factor of juvenile delinquency, they have to face the question of "to continue or not to continue my work ?" This article criticizes this public opinion and at the same time points out that working mothers are not the causes of juvenile delinquency by referring to foreign research studies. Instead, the fathers' attitudes toward their wives and children and the family conflicts are the sources of juvenile delinquency. Thus, this paper intends to conclude that increasing juvenile delinquency depends on the father's role in the family in which husband and wife both work.
- 日本犯罪社会学会の論文