超臨界二酸化炭素抽出の応用
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Supercritical fluid extraction is a novel separation technique which exploits the solvent properties of fluids near the critical point. The use of supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO_2) as a solvent for natural products in the fermentation and food indusries has advantages over other solvents because CO_2 is non-toxic, non-flammable, non-corrosive, cheap, and readily available in large quantities of high purity. In this paper, the following examples for the application of SC-CO_2 extraction are discussed.1. The use of SC-CO_2 extraction for removal of organic solvents from antibiotics was studied. Organic solvents were rapidly extracted with SC-CO_2 without loss of antibiotic acitivity.2. Operating conditions for effective extraction of vegetable oils with SC-CO_2 and analytical characterization of oils obtained by extraction with SC-CO_2 were investigated.3. Sake was brewed using rice and rice-koji defatted by extraction with SC-CO_2 and the effect of SC-CO_2 treatment on the quality of sake was clarified.4. Effects of SC-CO_2 on enzymatic activity were examined and SC-CO_2 was used as a non-aqueous medium for the synthesis of precursors of the sweetener Aspartame with thermolysin.5. To enable the effective use of horseradish and Wasabi, the SC-CO_2 extraction of flavor and acrid components formed from glucosinolates with myrosinase and the conditions for efficient recovery of the volatile components were investigated.6. The sterilizing effect of SC-CO_2 was compared with gaseous CO_2 and liquid CO_2. Without any decrease in their activities or quality, thermally unstable substances were sterilized with SC-CO_2.
- 社団法人日本生物工学会の論文
- 1989-09-25
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