作物の養分吸収に関する動的研究(第1報) : 水稲根の養分吸収に対する硫化水素の影響に就て

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In the course of some dynamic studies of the nutrients uptake by crop plants the result of the nutrient uptake of rice crop as influenced by hydrogen sulfide may be summarised as follows : (1) Hydrogen sulfide was bubbled through the water culture solution for about ten minutes in which the root of rice plant was immerced. In one case, the initial pH of the culture solution was controlled to 7.0 and 4.5 respectively. In every case the uptake of NH_4-N and water was depressed seriously, though the effect was always more pronounced for NH_4-N than H_2O (Table 1 (a) (b) and Table 2). (2) The effect of concentration and the period of contact of H_2O-H_2S was studied by rice seedlings. The seedlings were grown in an artificially controlled room (light and temperature) and the effect was conveniently observed through the percent increase of the wilted leaves, which was the definite sign of the reduction in absorption. The injury was enhanced on the prolonged contact or the increased concentration ; the wilting at last appeared in 288 hours even by the extremely dilute concentration of 0.07 ppm as S (Table 3 (a) (b). (3) Hydrogen sulfide was bubbled through the water culture solution as in (1) and the results of the uptake of NH_4N, CaO, SiO_2 MnO, MgO, P_2O_5 and H_2O were tested statisticaliy (Table 4 and Fig. 1). In general, they were highly significant enough to permit definite conclusion. The treatment reduced the uptake in the order P_2O_5>K_2O>SiO_2>Nh_4-N>MnO>H_2O>MgO>CaO. The order of P_2O_5 should be questioned, as it was evident that some P_2O_5 temporarly adhering to the surface of the root as basic phosphated iron could have entered into the solution H_2S treatment. The result was discussed in two ways. Practically, it seems to permit more logical interpretation of the mechanism, why the severe attack of Helminthosporium leaf spot predominates in the poor productive paddy rice field in Japan, where the evolution of hydrogen sulfide is believed to injure the rice root on account of the lack of active iron in the soil (a kind of podsolisation). The relatively strong reduction in absorption in such elements as K_2O, SiO_2,NH_4-N, MnO as compared to H_2O, MgO, CaO concurrs with the several investigations which poit to the high correlation between the deficiency of these elements and the occurrence of the named desease. Theoretically, however, the result must be nothing but the reduction of the "metabolic absorption" as proposed by Hoagland and his associates, on the more or less interruption of which the pure physicochemical characteristic properties of ions, in this case "hydration", might have substantially affected the ion absorption in the order of the well-known lyotropic series. In fact, as for those elements to which the lyotropic series are generally unquestionable the order of the reduction of ion absorption was K_2O>NH_4-N>MgO>CaO.
社団法人日本土壌肥料学会の論文
1951-08-15

作物の養分吸収に関する動的研究(第1報) : 水稲根の養分吸収に対する硫化水素の影響に就て

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