627 Ultrasonic welding of ceramics and metals

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This paper describes an experimental study of the ultrasonic welding of ceramics and metals, using inserts. Ultrasonic welding has made possible the welding of various ceramics, such as Al_2O_3,SiO_2,ZrO_2,and Si_3N_4,to various metals at room temperature, both quickly and easily when compared to other welding methods. Ultrasonic welding can be carried out in many different ways, such as the direct welding of ceramics and metals in the coating of metals or to a ceramics surface by vacuum deposition, and in applications involving the insertion of activated metals. When cleaned with forced ultrasonic vibration the contact surfaces need no further surface treatment. The insert material and the vaporized film used for auxiliary purposes act as binders to facilitate welding, but there is little difference in welding strength between welds with a metal insert and those with a vaporized film. Moreover, the material can be processed easily, the operation produces little heat, and there is virtually no resultant weakness in the product.
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