永盛均田例の研究

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The author examines the text of Vinh thanh quan cap cong dien le 永盛均給公田例 or the Land Distribution. Regulation of 1711 for the purpose of analyzing the process by which State-owned rice fields in the 15th century were changed into communal land by the 19th century. In Part I he points out the influence that the disintegration of the central government since the 16th century exerted on the administration of the State-owned rice fields called cong dien (公田). According to the Regulation of 1711, the xa (社) villages were divided into two groups, i.e. noi vi tu' cac xa 内囲子各社 and loc xa (禄社). The former villages were kept under the control of the treasury department of the Trinh (鄭) government ; the latter were given to high officials as a part of their salary. Distributors of cong dien who had been phu quyen quan (府県官) or governors in the 15th century were replaced by trung thu quan (徴収官) and so cai quan (所該官) who were tax collectors attached to the treasury department of the Trinh government. The increase in their private influence upon the peasants separated the villages from the grip of the central government. In Part II he indicates the growth of village autonomy at the expense of the power exercised by tax coliectors who were subordinate officials. The government acknowledged the following points in the Act of 1711. First, the distribution of chau tho (洲土, sand-bank) and tho trach (土宅, farmyard) was under the control of the village notables. Second, the unregistered rice fields were exempted from taxation. Third, the village chief could decide the age at which the villagers started to receive allocation of cong dien, etc. The author concludes his article with a remark that the village control over cong dien gradually developed in the course of the 17th and 18th centuries.
1976-07-20

永盛均田例の研究

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