清末民初における地方政治構造とその変化 : 江蘇省寶山県における地方エリートの活動

概要

論文の詳細を見る
In the early 20 century, the Qing dynasty instituted many kinds of political reform, called xinzheng 新政. These reforms stimulated local elite to take part in local self-government. In historical perspective, the meaning of this movement can be understood in terms of the relationship between zhixian 知県 districts and local elite. There were three phases involved. The first phase was implementation of local self-governance, which was begun under the xinzheng reforms. In BaoShan-Xian 寶山県, as the result of a local elite involved very actively in public affair (gong 公), a successful network was created among elites. Their political power was spread via this network, but the local elite's political connection with the bureaucracy (guan 官) was kept in balance. The Second phase was characterized by friction, which happened by a stretching of political power between local elite and guan. This friction is represented by the arrest of Sun Qilin 孫啓麟 a local elite by guan authorities, followed by a movement led by Qian Gan 銭淦 in which the BaoShan-Xian elite united in an effort to release Sun from the authorities. In this phase, the relationship was greatly strained. The third phase was the completion of local self-governance, called xianren zhixian 県人治県. At this time, because of an overissue of copper coins, called tong yuan 銅元, the market price of silver rose, and price of copper declined. This phenomenon brought about a tax increase, by which the Qin government Ordered local officials to collect taxes in the same amount as before. However, Hu Diaoyuan 胡調元, prefectural governor of Baoshan disregarded this order. The Local elite blamed Hu in the local assembly, which ordered him to obey the order. In 1911, the Xinhai Revolution 辛亥革命 broke out. Hu was purged by revolutional army and Qian Gan was appointed to the head of prefectural civil administration (minzhengzhang 民政長), at which time local self-government came into existence there.
公益財団法人史学会の論文
1995-03-20

清末民初における地方政治構造とその変化 : 江蘇省寶山県における地方エリートの活動

スポンサーリンク

概要

著者

関連論文

スポンサーリンク