第三次近衛内閣の崩壊 : 「帝国国策遂行要領」をめぐる政治過程
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概要
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This paper analyzes the political process involved in the resignation of the Third Konoe Cabinet on October 1941. The resignation was caused by War Minister Tojo, who opposed army troop to withdrawal from China. This author examines the political process of events in China that influenced important political issue, from the viewpoint of mutual agreement between government organs and the policy decision-making system in Japan. Decision-making in the Third Konoe Cabinet was charaterized by the phrase ryoron-heiki, that incorporated the interests of all the opposing government institutions, and evading decisions to avoid conflict. The prime minister could not override the interests of the various government organs. It was owing to a structural flaw in the Meiji Constitution that legislative power was shared between the Cabinet and the General Staff. The resignation of the Third Konoe Cabinet meant the dysfuntioning the policy decision-making system. This paper examines the following points. 1)Analysis of the China question. There were two different policies. One was included in 'Guidelines for Implementing National Policy' (Teikoku Kokusaku Suiko Yoryo) and the other was the 'Document on Japan-United States Negotiations'. They were adopted on 3 September at the Imperial Headquarters-Government Liaison Confernce (Daihon'ei Seifu Renrakukaigi). 2)This characteristic decision-making system continued when "BASIC TERMS OF PEACE BETWEEN JAPAN AND CHINA" were decided. The Liaison Conference also adopted the return telegram to the Ambassador in U.S. (Nomura) proposal. 3)The situation changed when the new General Agreements between Japan and the U.S. were decided. The General Staff took a firm attitude and carried through with their intentions. But on the other side, a dysfunctioning of the system resulted. 4)Examination of ways that were adopted by authorities to prevent war by annulling the 'Guidelines for Implementing National Policy.' When this move proved a failure, the Cabinet was unable to reach any agreement about the China question. The Third Konoe Cabinet finally resigned because it could not adopt both war and negotiations. From a different point of view, this situation meant evasion of decision-making, because a new Cabinet would have to start afresh unencumbered by the 'Guidelines for Implementing National Policy.'
- 財団法人史学会の論文
- 1995-10-20
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関連論文
- 第三次近衛内閣と「帝国国策遂行要領」 : 「国策」策定の政治過程の検討
- 第三次近衛内閣の崩壊 : 「帝国国策遂行要領」をめぐる政治過程
- エヴァ・パワシュ=ルトコフスカ/アンジェイ・T・ロメル著, 柴理子訳, 『日本・ポーランド関係史』, 彩流社, 二〇〇九・五刊, A5, 三三四頁, 三二〇〇円