Effects of Variations of the Maximum Stress and Stress Ratio on the Behaviors of Biaxial Mechanical Ratcheting

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The effects of variations of maximum effective stress and stress ratio on the behaviors of biaxial strain accumulations were experimentally investigated using thin-walled tubular specimens of a carbon steel subjected to combined cyclic axial load and steady internal pressure. When the maximum effective stress was changed with number of cycles keeping the stress ratio constant, the strain accumulating rate under biaxial stress condition was equal to the rate under uniaxial stressing. The rate of strain accumulation in biaxial stressing was smaller compared with the rate in the uniaxial condition when the stress ratio was changed with number of cycles. A constitutive equation of biaxial mechanical ratcheting is proposed. The predictions by the present equation agree well with the experimental observations.
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