Effects of hyperthermia induced by microwave irradiation on brain development in mice

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Pregnant mice were exposed to 2.45 GHz of microwave radiation for 15 or 20 mm on day 13 of gestation. The highest maternal core temperature during the exposure did not exceed 42.5℃. Pregnant females also were immersed in hot water at 42℃ for 15 mm to compare thermal effects on brain development. Animals were killed 9 hours after treatment, and the pyknotic cells in the ventricular zone of telencephalon were counted. The respective incidences of these cells in the groups exposed to microwaves for 15 and 20 mm were 1.83% and 3.06%. Microwave radiation for 20 mm had an effect that was comparable to that of immersion in 42℃ hot water for 15 min. In addition, some animals were examined on day 18 of gestation, and some of their offspring were examined at 6 weeks of age in an examination of long-term effects. Brain weight for the group exposed to microwaves for 20 mm was significantly lower than for the control group, and the numerical density of the neurons in the cerebrum was higher. We concluded that microwave radiation at the dose tested mainly has a thermal effect.
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