Surface Tension Driven Oscillatory Motion of a Mercury Drop in the Presence of Concentration Gradient of K_2 Cr_2 O_7 in HNO_3 Solution

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An experimental and theoretical study is made on the translational oscillation of a mercury drop in a horizontally placed petri dish filled with HNO_3 solution, where solid state K_2 Cr_2 O_7 is dissolved from a certain fixed position. The latter diffuses gradually into the former solution, so that almost steady spatial distribution of K_2 Cr_2 O_7with concentration c is achieved. When the mercury drop is exposed to the solution where both c and grad c are small, it is pulled toward a higher c region. On the other hand when it reaches a very high c region, it undergoes stronger chemical reaction accompanied by a cloud of precipitation and recedes toward lower c region. This process is repeated and the oscillatory motion is established. Hydrodynamical analysis taking account of the non-uniform distribution of surface tension associated with chemical reaction is given to explain this phenomenon.
1995-06-15