Absorption of Ultrasonic Waves in Organic Liquids (II) Liquids with Negative Temperature Coefficient of Sound Absorption (a) Glycols, Cyclohexanol and Cresol
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概要
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Ultrasonic absorption coefficients (at about 8 Mc/sec) were determined by the pulse technique in glycols, cyclohexanol and m-cresol in dependence of the temperature. Also the ultrasonic velocity (at 1.43 Mc/sec) in these liquids was determined by the ultrasonic interferometry. The experimental absorption coefficient α_<vip> in these liquids decreased with increasing temperature quite in a similar manner as the classical sound absorption due to viscosityα_<vip>. In most of the liquids investigated, however, α_<exp> was higher thanα_<vis>, and the excess absorption was attributed to the bulk viscosity due to the hydrogen bond association in these liquids. The ratioα_<exp>/α_<vis>, was nearly independent of the temperature for all these liquids, the mean values of this ratio being given by: ethylene glycol 4.88 ; diethylene glycol 2.23 ; triethylene glycol 0.98 ; polyethylene glycol 0.89 ; propylene glycol 1.46 ; cyclohexanol 1.14 ; and m-cresol 1.32. The low value of this ratio for polyethylene glycol is considered to be due to the experimental errors, especially those of the determination of the static viscosity. The activation energyies of the shear and the bulk viscosity were determined from the temperature dependence of the shear viscosity, and that of the bulk viscosity, the latter being calculated from the excess absorption. The two activation energies are nearly the same for the same liquid, being of the order of 8〜10 kcal/mole for most of the liquids here investigated, though slightly lower for ethylene glycol and much higher for m-cresol. The molecular sound absorption, if present, is small, and presumably less thanα_<mol>/v^2 30〜60×10^<-17> (α_<mol>=absorption coefficient due to this mechanism, v=frequency) for most of the liquids investigated. Also ultrasonic absorption (at 24 Mc/sec) in water was determined and was found to be in good agreement with the existing results.
- 社団法人日本物理学会の論文
- 1954-12-25
著者
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Kishimoto Tadashi
Kobayasi Institute Of Physical Research
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Kishimoto Tadashi
Kobayasi Institute Of Physical Reseach
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NOMOTO Otohiko
Kobayasi Institute of Physical Research
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Kishimoto Tadashi
Kobayashi Institute Of Physical Research
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Nomoto Otohiko
Kobayashi Institute Of Physical Research
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