問題解決におけるリジディティーの因子分析的研究

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The purpose of the research is, first, to classify problem solving rigidity into several valid forms, and second, to investigate the nature of problem solving rigidity using factor analysis and testing the relations between extracted rigidity factors and personality traits. Eight rigidity test, an intelligence test and several personality tests were administered to 152 boys and girls, in the first year of junior high school and to 100 female college students. Eight rigidity tests were selected from the literature or constructed which, on the basis of theoretical considerations, were thought to involve rigidity. A battery of 20 tests was constructed and factorially analyzed using Thurstone's centroid method and radial method of oblique rotation. Four factors were extracted. Two of them could be identified as rigicity factors that is, "rigidity being caused by experimentally induced behavior patterns" and "rigidity arising by habitual behavior patterns." Two others were named "intelligence factor" and "mental speed factor." Factor analysis of only eight rigidity tests also resulted in four factors. They represented "the ability to change the old response to a new, simpler, and more economical one or to reconstruct a problem or a situation on one's own initiative" (this was named adaptive rigidity), "the ability to smoothly adjust to a new situation wjich resembles the old one" (this was named spontaneous rigidity), "spatial factor", and "numerical factor." The relations between rigidity scores and several personality traits were tested using Pearson's product-moment coefficient of correlation, chi-sqare test and t test. for both junior high school and college students, adaptive rigidity was related to emotional stability, ego defensiveness, feeling of inferiority, aggressiveness, objectivity and excitability with highly significant correlations. In addition, rigidity was highly related to intelligence. Students with good scors in the intelligence test had much higher correlation between rigidity and emotional unstability than those who had low scores. No significant correlation was found between spontaneous rigidity and personality traits. Concerning this, the testing and scoring method of spontaneous rigidity should be given further consideration. In conclusion, it was observed that the existence of problem solving rigidity was recognized ; however, it was not a generalized and unitary personality trait, but a multiform factor, that is, experimentally induced rigidity and habit interference factor, or adaptive rigidity and spontaneous rigidity. In addition, rigidity correlated highly with intelligence, emotional stability and ego defensiveness.
日本教育心理学会の論文
1962-09-30

問題解決におけるリジディティーの因子分析的研究

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