現代における「身分」と教育-「文化的再生産」への視角-

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By analyzing the differences in taste among social classes in France, the French sociologist, Pierre Bourdieu, has demonstrated that the various degrees in the nobility of culture (cultural prestige) are reflected in life-styles. As a consequence, the differences in taste are transformed into differences in life-styles. From this he concludes that the class structure is legitimated by the existence of new forms of Stande(status groups), each with a distinctive life-style. Bourdieu claims that this kind of new Stand exists in every stratified society. This paper attempts to examine whether there is, in fact, a tendency in contemporary Japan for the formation of new Stand, with special attention being paid to education and occupation. To this purpose, two aspects of education are distinguished: "education as an instrument" and "education for its own sake". The establishment of the link-that is, "education as an instrument-acquisition of an occupation with high prestige-satisfaction of the social and economic conditions for maintaining a particular life-style with high cultural prestige", is the first condition of the formation of a Stande. The establishment of the link-namerly, "education for its own sake-the formation of tastes for culture with high cultural prestige-the orientation for a particular life-style with high cultural prestige", is the second condition. When both conditions are satisfied, the formation of a closed Stand becomes possible. On the basis of statistical data from the 1975 SSM Research Project, it could be said that the first condition has been satisfied in Japan. It is difficult, however, to whether the second condition has also been fulfilled in Japan. This is mainly due to the absence of empirical data on cultural activities based on the theory of cultural prestige.
日本教育社会学会の論文
1987-09-30

現代における「身分」と教育-「文化的再生産」への視角-

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