総合選抜制度の教育効果-学力水準との関連で-
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概要
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Joint selection or "sogosenbatsu" has now become one of the most important issues about senior high school education. The most controversial point about it is whether it degenerates academic standard of senior high school education or not. This paper deals with this problem. The hypothesis has been held by advocates of joint selection system that equal distribution of high school entrants' academic ability (which ought to resolve school differential) among several schools (which constitute one school set) through joint selection would, far from lowering academic standards of high school education, raise it on the contrary. In the context of "school production function" study in America, the opinion that asserts the existence of peer cultural influence on cognitive output was exposed to severe criticism, but in Japan it might have every reason to be believed in, in view of her different racial and social class situation. According to this opinion, dissemination of "academic culture", in stead of confining it into limited elitist schools, would elevate the level of academic output from school system as a whole. Hence the hypothesis cited above. Comparison before and after implementation of joint selection system of academic output, which is measured by a percentage of applicants who were admitted, from fourteen school sets in five prefectures shows maintenance or upgrading of its standards in all cases. In some cases, consider-able uprising which suggests the effect of joint selection was observed. Cross-sectional analysis of nation-wide data in 1975, however, made it clear that the standard of academic output correlated with university entrance ratio (r=.76), but not with school differential (r=.01). Correlation between upgrading of academic standards and resolution of school differential found out by trend analysis of fourteen cases, therefore, came out to be false correlation. Thus, initial hypothesis was not supported. The effect of hitherto overlooked factor, i.e. university entrance ratio, was brought to light by this study.
- 日本教育社会学会の論文
- 1977-09-30
著者
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