製鐵用骸炭並に耐火煉瓦に就て

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a. Blast furnace coke. In general the Japanese coals are of Tertiary origin and highly rich in volatile matter and ash, which usually produce a friable coke with a porous fingery structure. The methods of coal preparation were early well studied and adopted effectively in our coking practice, especially the mixing of coals. For the blast furnace coke we use mixtures of high volatile native coals from Kyushu and Hokkaido and low or medium volatile coals from China and Saghalien at the ratio of 80-60 to 20-40, carbonizing them in Koppers, Kuroda, Semet Solvey by-product coke ovens. The stamping practice has lately been abandoned, but for the foundry purpose it makes a coke hard, being produced from high volatile coal often admixed with anthracitic coal and pitch. The fineness and the water content of charging coal largely affect the hardness of resulting coke in ours. The narrow high coke oven and rapid coking are now under consideration, in connection with the variety of coal used. For the manufacture of blast furnace coke, the combustibility, reactivity, porosity, and strength of coke, their correlation, behavious in blast furnace must be studied. As for the strength of coke only, it may control practically the result of blast furnace operation at some length. The tumbling test or so-called drum test, which indicates both the resistance to impact and abrasion, seems to be most profitable for this purpose. In by-product coke oven, the operating temperature is generally measured at about 1, 000℃-1, 100℃ in oven chamber and 1, 100℃-1, 200℃ (rarely 1, 300℃) in heating flue respectively. Coke oven gas is utilized in heating of the own oven chamber, city use, steam raising plant, steel plant, roll mill, and etc. As for the heating of coke oven, coke oven gas may be gradually superseded by the blast furnace gas or some other poor gases. In this paper, the names of principal companies in Japan (including Manchuria), their historical development, the details of the ovens used, and the statistics of coke, gas, and by-products are summarized to show present position of the Japanese coke industry. b. Fire bricks. The annual production of fire brick in Japan has amounted to about 288, 000 tons of late, consuming nearly 163, 600 tons in iron and steel industries, which is detailed as follows : [table] Roseki is a white massive rock composed of alumina silicate which comes originally from the decomposition of feldspathic rocks, and is largely produced from Mitsuishi and its neighbourhood, Okayama Prefecture. Grog brick is made of fire clays from Fuchow (Fukushu) Iwaki, Owari, Poshan (Hakusan) and others. The output of the Poshan clay, which is characterised for the uniform quality, amounts to large quantity. The Iwaki clay is one of the most prominent fire clay in Japan proper and has been proved most profitable for the material of the stopper and the nozzle of a ladle. Silica brick is chiefly made of so-called "Akashiro" ("red and white") quartzite which may be the most excellent material for the purpose. The Akashiro quartzite is originally a micro-crystalline quartz rock of Chichibu Formation (Carboniferrous Period) tinged reddish with fine iron-oxide grains and has secondary white quartz crystals intervened in its interstices. Chromite is chiefly brought forth from Tottori Prefecture in our country. Magnesite for magnesia bricks is produced from South Manchuria. It contains so far less iron and is so harder to burn the bricks than Austrian magnesite that it is mixed with a proper quantity of iron oxide powder before the shaping.
社団法人日本鉄鋼協会の論文
1930-04-25

著者

黒田泰造
官営八幡鉄製所化工部

製鐵用骸炭並に耐火煉瓦に就て

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