Seed Abortion in Crosses between Diploid and Tetraploid Grapes (Vitis vinifera and V. complex) and Recovery of Triploid Plants through Embryo Culture

概要

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Interploid crosses between two diploid and two tetrapkiod grape cultivars were carried out to produce abortive seeds with underdeveloped triploid embryos. Growth regulations influencing the recoveryof triploid plants from the underdeveloped embryos were individually examined in vitro using MS medium. Of six growth regulations added to the medium, malt extract (25-1600mg/l), casein hydrolysate (20-1500mg/l), BA (0.01-1.25mg.l) and GA[3] (0.1-1mg/l) did not show obvious effect on the recovery, whereas IAA and NAA showed small promotiveeffect at the concentration of 0.25 and 1.25mg.l and 0.01mg/l respectively. Secondly, 23 interploid crosses with four diploid and hour tetraploid grape cultivars were carried out reciprocally to produce triploid plants through embryo culture using MS medium supplemented with 1mg/l GA[3] and 100mg/l casein hydrolysate. In the 2x*4x crosses, 50 triploid seedlings were successfully recovered from 7.3% of inderdeveloped embryos culutured, while 33 seedlings were recovered from 2.8% of those in the reciprocals. Of the total of 88 seedling recovered, 38 were obtained through secondary embryo formation in vitro. From these results, it was suggested that the production rates of triploid plants from the interploid crosses increase with the aid of embryo culture, and that in this case in vitro formation of secondary embryos is an important key factor to increase the rates.
九州大学の論文