Growth Responses of Cereal Crops to Organic Nitrogen in the Field (Plant Nutrition)
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概要
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Growth responses of rice (Oryza saliva}, sorghum (Sorghum bicolor), pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum), and maize (Zea mays) to applications of the organic form of nitrogen (N) were examined under field conditions in 2000-2001. Nitrogen was applied at the rate of 15 g m^<-2> in the form of inorganic N (IN, urea) or organic N (ON, a mixture of rice bran and straw). Organic N application had no significant effect on the concentration of soil in-organic N (ammonium and nitrate), but increased the concentration of neutral phosphate-buffer-extractable organic N in the soil at the early growth stage. The shoot dry weight and N uptake of crops in the ON treatment were similar to those in the IN treatment for pearl millet and maize, but were significantly higher than in the IN treatment for rice and sorghum at the early growth stage. The higher proportion of organic N in the xylem sap of rice and sorghum in the ON treatment compared with the IN treatment also suggests that these two crops could take up the increased amount of soil organic N more efficiently than could maize, for which there was no difference between the treatments. Although pearl millet showed similar results to those of rice and sorghum in xylem sap analysis, the utilization of absorbed organic N was considered inefficient because of the adequate N status in the plant, based on the high concentration of nitrate N in the plant tissues. This is the first study to demonstrate the possibility that sorghum can utilize organic N in the soil more efficiently than can pearl millet. The possible forms of organic N in the soil absorbed by crop roots, such as protein and 8,000-9,000 Da molecular weight compounds, are discussed.
著者
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Ae Noriharu
National Institute of Agro-Environmental Sciences
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Ae Noriharu
National Institute For Agro-environmental Sciences
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Okada Kensuke
Japan Intl. Res. Center For Agric. Sci.
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Okada Kensuke
Japan International Research Center For Agricultural Sciences
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Okamoto Miwa
Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo
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Watanabe Toshihiro
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science
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Okamoto Miwa
Graduate School Of Agricultural And Life Sciences The University Of Tokyo
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Watanabe Toshihiro
Japan Society For The Promotion Of Science:(present Address)graduate School Of Agriculture Hokkaido
関連論文
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- Nitrogen Uptake Response of Vegetable Crops to Organic Materials
- Characteristics of Extractable Soil Organic Nitrogen Determined by Using Various Chemical Solutions and Its Significance for Nitrogen Uptake by Crops
- Growth Responses of Cereal Crops to Organic Nitrogen in the Field (Plant Nutrition)
- Nutrient Distribution around Roots of Brachiaria, Maize, Sorghum, and Upland Rice in an Andisol
- Extraction of Organic Phosphorus in Andosols by Various Methods
- Genetic Variation in Acquisition, and Utilization of Phosphorus from Iron-Bound Phosphorus in Pigeonpea
- The Status of Inorganic and Organic Phosphorus in Some Soils in Relation to Plant Availability
- Genotypic Variation in Iron-, and Aluminum-Phosphate Solubilizing Activity of Pigeonpea Root Exudates under P Deficient Conditions
- Phosphorus (P) Uptake Mechanisms of Crops Grown in Soils with Low P Status : II. Significance of Organic Acids in Root Exudates of Pigeonpea
- Nitrogen Uptake Response of Crops to Organic Nitrogen
- Phosphorus (P) Uptake Mechanisms of Crops Grown in Soils with Low P Status : I. Screening of Crops for Efficient P Uptake
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