緑化樹の生産および流通構造と価格形成に関する研究
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概要
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In recent years, stable supply of trees is becoming a serious problem because the demand for trees is rapidly increasing due to the necessity of environmental conservation. The purpose of this study was to find a method to supply trees stably by making a practical analysis of the tree producing districts. First, in this paper, the development of tree production after Second World War and its present condition throughout Japan have been discussed to clarify the characteristics of tree production and marketing. Second, the characteristics of technique, the type of production and marketing, and the classification of the tree producing district have been described as the premise of practical analysis. Third, a practical study on two tree producing districts have been made and the development, structure of production and marketing of trees, the present condition of individual producers, and the process of price making for the producer's selling price in a producing district have been analyzed. The results of analysis are summarized as follow; I) The commodity type of tree can be divided into three groups; seedling, breeding tree, called "Youseiboku", which has been bred from seedling for several years, and garden tree, "Kanseiboku", which is more than ten years old. Techniques such as cutting have been applied to Kanseiboku. It takes from about two to ten years to produce a breeding tree the demand for which has risen greatly. The shorter the period to produce it, the more intense its fertility management becomes. So production of breeding tree is suitable to the small farmer who knows the techniques of fertility management and has agricultural land. The breeding tree includes both garden tree and public tree. There are two forms of tree production i. e., one by the small farmer, family farm, and one by a corporation farm. The former has increased as result of reducing the area of rice land. The latter was advanced mainly by small farmers who signed contracts with corporation farm. The garden trees which are planted in home gardens and the public trees for the public facilities such as public parks, are dealt with by a different marketing executive of trees. Peddlers and auction markets of trees sell garden trees. Tree wholesalers trade public trees only with other special wholesalers and large・ scale gardeners. The form of tree producing district can be classified roughly into the old producing district which is integrated by the wholesaler and a new producing district which is directed by the agricultural coopera tive. 2) A practical analysis on the structure of tree production and marketing in Tanushimaru Town, Ukiha County, Fukuoka Prefecture, and in Asa Town, Hiroshima City, which are representatives of the producing districts, have been made. Many small farmers and a few corporation farms produce trees in Tanushimaru Town. The small farmers practices special tree production of one of two forms; I) trees are chiefly produced, and 2) trees are produced together with other agricultural products. Small farmers mainly produce the garden trees. Corporation farms produce a large amount of the trees for public facilities by contract with small farmers in several other towns. There are peddlers, auction markets, and wholesale sections of agricultural cooperatives as marketing executive in Tanushimaru Town. The wholesalers are the leader for production and marketing of trees, and have been integrating small farmers in Tanushimaru Town. On the other hand, Asa Town is a new tree producing disrict which has been developing under the direction 0 f her agricultural cooperative since the latter half of the 1960's. The Asa Town agricultural cooperative sells by deputy all trees produced by small farmers. 3) Prices of trees are determined according to species and standards. The price of a tree fluctuates remarkably because over-and under-production of trees takes place easily during the long period for its production. The selling price of the breeding tree, Camellia Sasanqua Thunb., which is bred for about four years in Tanushimaru Town by the sman farmers and the cost of production were actuany analyzed and compared. Clearly, the small farmers were selling the Sasanqua tree at a cheaper price than the cost of production. 4) The development of a tree producing district could be accomplished by reorganization of the sman farmers. The method of reorganization is different from one tree producing district to another. In Tanushimaru Town, the existing associations need to establish a council in which the functions of each association are united; the council organizes sman farmers. Then, the wholesalers in that area would lose their power. On the other hand, the present problems of Asa Town are to promote progress of production techniques and expansion of the agricultural cooperative's joint sell. Finaly, for the development of all tree producing districts and stable supply of trees, all sorts of trees must be produced in the most suitable producing district in Japan. Consequently, the amount of supply and demand could be arranged.序章 研究の目的と方法 １． 研究目的 ２． 研究方法 第１章 緑化樹生産と流通の性格 第１節 緑化樹生産量の推移 第２節 緑化樹生産の技術的特徴 第３節 緑化樹生産形態 第４節 緑化樹流通形態 第５節 緑化樹産地の分布と類型 第２章 旧産地･田主丸町における緑化樹生産経営と流通の展開 第１節 旧産地における緑化樹生産経営と流通の性格 第２節 田主丸町における緑化樹生産の構造と生産経営の分析 1． 田主丸町の概況 2． 緑化樹生産の沿革 3． 緑化樹生産の現状 4． 緑化樹生産運営の分析 １) 小農生産経営 ２) 企業生産経営 第３節 田主丸町における緑化樹流通の構造と流通業者の分析 1． 流通主体の種類と性格 2． 流通状況 3． 流通業者の実態分析 １) 田主丸町植木農業協同組合地方卸売市場 ２) 田主丸町植木販売協会 ３) ふりうり ４) 卸売業者 第４節 田立丸町こおける緑化樹生産流通体制の再編成と産地展開の方向 １． 生産流通体制再編成の必要性とその方法 ２． 田主丸町における緑化樹の主産地形成の方向 第３章 新興産地･安佐町における緑化樹生産経営と流通の展開 第１節 新興産地における緑化樹生産経営と流通の性格 第２節 安佐町における緑化樹生産の構造と生産経営の分析 １． 安佐町の概況 ２． 緑化樹生産の沿革と現状 ３． 緑化樹生産経営の分析 ４． 緑化樹生産体制の発展段階 第３節 安佐町における緑化樹流通の構造と農協共販 １． 緑化樹販売の担い手 ２． 販売対象と年間販売高の推移 第４節 安佐町における緑化樹の主産地形成の方向 第４章 緑化樹産地における価格形成 第１節 生産者価格の推移 第２節 緑化樹の価格形成と産地の発展 １． 緑化樹の価格形成要因と特殊性 ２． 生産者価格の形成と産地の発展 １) 生産者価格の形成過程 ２) 田主丸町における緑化樹生産者価格と生産費 第３節 緑化樹価格形成の近代化 結語 参考文献
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