田中正造考(三) : 下町の文化的風土 その二
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概要
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This paper is an examination of the 19th century cultural climate of Shimotsuke. Takanori Ninomiya (1787-1856) was born to a peasant family in the Odawara domain, Sagami Province (now Odawara City, Kanagawa Prefecture) and became an official of its domain with his abilities in farming and housekeeping. In 1821,Ninomiya's lord sent him to the Sakuramachi fief of his relative in Shinotsuke for the sake of reviving depressed villages there. His success of its revival made him known not only to Shimotsuke but to the Kanto, the Tokai and the Tohoku districts. Since then, Ninomiya was engaged in rebuilding ruined villages in and around Shimotsuke for thirty years. Ninomiya's work was based on his philosophy of "Tenri" (the Principle of Heaven" and "Jindo" (the Way of Man). He says that the Tenri is the natural law which runs through Heaven, Earth and Man. It involves the cycle of the seasons, the alternation of days with nights, changes in the weather and the birth and death of all things in the universe. Man's desires and feelings also belong to Tenri. It gives to people, regardless of good and evil, advantages and disadvantages as well. Therefore, people obey Tenri on one occasion and oppose it on another occasion. This is Jindo, the Way of Man. Just as people sow seeds in the field, following Tenri and pluck up weeds against it, so they are diligent in their trade following their desires, and meet their obligations suppressing them. Ninomiya regards cultivation as a Jindo. He says that farmers should be thrifty, restraining their desires and should work diligently to leave a rice surplus, and that they should offer the one half of the surplus to people in want, and the other half of it to the provision against disasters in the future. This means to serve the community and to repay obligations frorn Heaven and Earth (hotoku).
- 北海道東海大学の論文
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関連論文
- 田中正造考(四) : 下町の文化的風土 その三
- 田中正造考(4)下野の文化的風土(3)
- 田中正造考(三) : 下町の文化的風土 その二
- 田中正造考(二) : 下町の文化的風土 その(一)
- 田中正造考 (一) : 序論 正造の現代文明批判