鎌倉のやぐらに見る凝灰質砂岩の風化とそれに与える温度・湿度の影響

概要

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The relation between the climatic environment and the weathering at a cave site was surveyed in Kamakura City, ca. 50 km southwest of Tokyo, Japan. The site is called "Hyakuhachi-Yagura" composed of more than one hundred caves carved artificially in Tertiary tuffaceous sandstone. The entrance of the caves is often collapsed, and the carvings in the caves are normally damaged by salt weathering. At the selected ten similar caves, the opening ratio (entrance area / volume of a cave) and the degree of erosion of the carvings were measured. The larger, the opening ratio is, the more severely the carvings in the cave are damaged. The relative humidity in a cave with low opening ratio was stably high without influenced by the outside air. Accordingly, salt efflorescence cannot be observed in the cave with low opening ratio, which would be one of the main reasons the carvings in this cave is well preserved. From these observations, to keep the entrance of the caves as it originally was can be one of the essential measures to protect the carvings from the damage of salt weathering.
日本地形学連合の論文
2003-04-25