足利織物業における元機の資本蓄積と地主制 (工業化段階における織物業と地主制)
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概要
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In the case of the textile industry in the Ashikaga district, known as one of the typical areas of the traditional textile industry, development following the industrial revolution did not materialize. One of the causes of this was attributable to the market structure or the production structure of the "putting-out" system predominant in this district, on the basis of the relation between landowners and peasants. Adding to that, it originated from tax increases in the industrial revolution period, exploitation of the clothiers through the local raw yarn merchants and cloth brokers, and hence, lowered profit rates for clothiers; in other words, their poor capital accumulation resulted from the above-mentioned causes. And these facts forced the clothiers to depend on the "putting-out" system more and more. The rich clothiers in small number gradually became landowners and merchants. In the end, therefore, the owners of the textile industry remained with small capital. With the crisis in 1920, as a turning point, power looms came into the Ashikaga listrict. The country-wide spread of low cost power looms, electrification, relative and absolute rises in wages, the intensified competition in the home market, and changes in products are the factors. However, because of poor capital accumulation, many factories with power looms could not but depend on the big factories, colth brokers or raw yarn merchants for their financial necessities. This resulted in the characteristic structure of the textile industry, where 80-90% of the total factories were very small with less than 20 looms, 60-70% being subordinate factories. The introduction of power looms, with burdens falling on wage workers, broke the relation between the textile industry and the "parasitic landlord" system, by intensifying a "contradiction" between the landowners and peasants, and kept development of the "parasitic landlord" system itself in check. However, the decisive factor of the decay of the "parasitic landlord" system was the behavior of the power loom factory owners, directing their profits to land purchase, who became powerful in the period of the Showa crisis, together with tax policy of the state and influences of the Showa crisis.
- 社会経済史学会の論文
- 1984-03-29
著者
関連論文
- 神立春樹著, 『近代産業地域の形成』, 御茶の水書房, 1997年1月, 238頁, 3,400円
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