生涯学習社会におけるネットワークとシステム

概要

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In the studies of adult learning, microscopic approach often neglects social functions and political natures of dynamic interaction between individual and society. Meanwhile, macroscopic approach concerning educational law and administration cannot easily grasp the variety of meanings and values which constitutes learning processes. In order to overcome the limits of above two approaches, this paper examines various aspects of the organization of learning activities. Two types of organizing principles should be distinguished. The solid hierarchy for attaining a definite purpose, to which all the units are integrated, should be called "systematic". The loosely connected combination of independent units, which produces drastic changes to interrelation be- tween all the members, should be called "networking". Actually, these two principles are inseparable from each other. All the group or institution should be seen as a hybrid of these two principles. But If various types of learning activities are unified in a single system, lifelong learning is in danger of being identified with modern project of enlightenment. In opposition to the reinforcement of the "systematic" principles, the "networking" principles should be maintained. The role of NPO (non-profit organization) and volunteers is important to construct the pluralistic system of learning network.
1997-03-31