命令の語用論
スポンサーリンク
概要
- 論文の詳細を見る
In this paper some of the future expressions in English used to give an order or command are examined. Will/shall + infinitive, be going to, present progressive and will/shall + progressive infinitive sometimes express commands and orders. This paper shows that it is by way of describing the prepositional content condition which is one of the felicity conditions for this illocutionary act that pragmatically all of these expressions perform the same illocutionary act of order secondarily with second- or third-person subjects in declaratives. It is also important to note that they have quite different nuances. Will + infinitive can be used, for example, to give a formal, peremptory type of order as in The Duty Officer will report for duty at 0700 hours (Leech1987:86). Be going to, on the other hand, may express an order for which the speaker already have any cause or reason at the speech time. The different nuances conveyed by these four future expressions are closely related to their basic functions. It is suggested that will + infinitive describe a future event as having no present reality, and thus peremptoriness is derived from this basic function, while be going to makes reference to the future as the future culmination of present intention or cause which means some present reality exists and this is why present causation is implied when be going to performs the illocutionary act of ordering. The present progressive can refer to a future event anticipated by virtue of a present plan, program or arrangement, and one of the two meanings will I'shall + progressive infinitive has is a future event as a matter of course. This paper also shows that like will + infinitive and be going to, the basic meanings of these two constructions are reflected in the nuances they suggest when they have the illocutionary force of ordering.
- 梅花女子大学の論文
- 2002-12-25