強誘電性高分子単結晶状膜の構造と物性
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概要
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The single crystalline (SC) film of vinylidene fluoride/trifluoroethylene copolymer [P(VDF/TrFE)] is a highly crystallized, highly double-oriented ferroelectric film. The SC film is composed of endlessly extended chain crystals whose c-axis aligns along the stretching direction almost perfectly and the polar b-axis is oriented ±π/6 off the film normal. It does not contain lamellar crystals nor amorphous phase. Owing to such unique structure, the SC film exhibits the ferroelectricity and related properties inherent to the crystal more cIearly than the films composed of lamellar crystals. In this paper, we review the results of our studies on the SC films: (1) the mechanisms of formation of the SC film; (2) the ferroelectric, piezoelectric, and mechanical properties in the ferroelectric phase; (3) molecular chain motions in the paraelectric phase as revealed by the anisotropies in X-ray diffraction, dielectric relaxation, and shear sound velocities; and (4) applications to transducers for transmission and detection of transverse ultrasonic waves. The important conclusions that we have reached to are as follows. (A) The SC film in the paraelectric (hexagonal) phase is a liquid crystal in which the chain molecule is very mobile along the chain axis. The molecule rotates around its chain axis independently of neighboring chains. Ordering in chain arrangement in the film is formed in the hexagonal phase through the chain sliding motion along the chain axis. The surface energy in the hexagonal phase plays most important role for parallel orientation of the hex (100) plane to the film surface. (B) In the hexagonal phase the TGTG sequences in the molecular chain undergoes flip-flop motion. The increase in the sequence length in the vicinity of the Curie transition temperature causes the anomalous behaviors in dielectric relaxation and in X-ray diffuse scattering. (C) The SC film is the most effective piezoelectric polymer film, and has high Young's modulus along the chain axis. SC film transducers for shear ultrasonic waves are found to be usable for non-destructive testing (NDT) of industrial materials.
- 山形大学の論文
- 2001-02-15
著者
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