都市における屋上被土・緑化によるパッシブクーリング効果の簡易定量化手法に関する基礎的研究

概要

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A simplified numerical calculation procedure of water evaporation from a soil was proposed combined with simultaneous solution of heat transfer equation at its surface for a quantitative prediction of passive cooling effect of soil covered constructions with a certain accuracy. If the evaporation ratio or saturation ratio of the soil was defined as a function of water content of the soil in advance, the proposed method was able to describe the wet condition of the covering soil and to reduce calculation load exceedingly compared with the conventional procedure based on the simultaneous hygrothermal transfer equation. The functions of the evaporation ratio and saturation ratio were identified respectively determined by a least square method using Rechards Equation as its exact solution. Discrepancies in phenomenon can be found between the exact solution and the simplified one which assumes a constant evaporation ratio. However, good agreements of calculation results were confirmed between the proposed method and the exact solution.