High-Speed Photonic Functional Circuits Using Electrically Controllable PLZT Waveguides

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We fabricated a high-speed wavelength tunable arrayed-waveguide grating (AWG) and an AWG integrated with optical switches using (Pb, La)(Zr, Ti)O3(PLZT). PLZT has a high electro-optic (EO) coefficient, which means these devices have considerable potential for use in reconfigurable optical add drop multiplexers (ROADMs). The PLZT waveguides in this work have a rib waveguide structure with an effective relative index difference (Δ) of 0.65%. Both AWGs have 8 channels with a frequency spacing of 500GHz. The fabricated wavelength tunable AWGs allows us to freely shift the output at a particular wavelength to an arbitrary port by applying voltages to 3mm long electrodes formed on each of the waveguides. We confirmed that the maximum tuning range with driving voltage of 22V was approximately 32nm at 1.55µm. With the integrated 8-ch PLZT waveguide switch array, we could also select the output port by setting the drive voltage applied to the switch array. 2 × 2 directional coupler switches were used for the switch array. The two devices exhibited insertion losses of 17dB and 19dB, adjacent crosstalk of -18.5dB and -19.7dB, and a maximum extinction ratio of 19.6dB and 12.6dB, respectively. The tuning speed of both devices was 15ns and their physical sizes were 9.0 × 23.0mm and 8.0 × 29.5mm, respectively.
2009-05-01