Follicular cysts in dairy cows
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概要
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Follicular cysts are the most critical reproductive disorder in dairy cows and disturb normal ovarian cycle, resulting in the prolonged interval from calving to conception. Therefore, this condition causes significant economic losses to the dairy industry. Two direct causal factors of cyst are suggested in this review; the disorder of ovulation and the delay of regression. The disorder of ovulation has been accepted to be a main etiology of cystic follicle. This seems to be caused by the deficiency of positive feedback of estrogen to the hypothalamus, leading to the lack of LH surge. On the other hand, if large anovulatory follicle is regressed immediately after the failure of ovulation, its follicle does not grow more, resulting in no cystic follicle formed. Therefore, it is proposed that another cause of cystic follicle is a delay (lack) of degeneration system of follicle. This review will introduce these two causes separately referring to recent advances about follicular cyst in dairy cows.卵胞嚢腫は乳牛において最も重要な繁殖障害であり、これに罹患すると卵巣機能に悪影響を及ぼし、空胎期間が延長する。したがって、この病気は酪農業界に莫大な損失をもたらす。本総説では卵胞嚢腫の2 つの要因(排卵の障害および退行の遅延)に分けて議論する。排卵の障害は従来から卵胞嚢腫の原因として知られており、これはエストロジェンの視床下部へのフィードバック機能が障害を起こすことによりLH サージが欠如することによって引き起こされる。一方、もし排卵に障害を起こした後、卵胞の発達を続けることなく速やかに退行すれば卵胞嚢腫に陥ることはないと考えられる。したがって、もう一つの嚢腫卵胞の原因として卵胞退行の遅延(欠如)を提案する。本総説では、乳牛の卵胞嚢腫に関するこれら二つの原因それぞれについて最近の知見を紹介する。
- 2007-02-01
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