プレッシャーが野球打者の予測スキルに及ぼす影響

概要

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[Abstract] In the present study, psychological variables such as state anxiety, physiological variables such as the heart rate and respiration, and performance variables such as speed and accuracy of anticipation were investigated when performing an anticipation task under pressure. University baseball players (n＝21) were instructed to anticipate one of two pitch types shown in a video, "as quickly and accurately as possible." After 60 acquisition trials, they performed 10 non-pressure trials followed by 10 pressure trials. Results indicated that state anxiety, heart rate, and respiratory speed increased significantly under pressure. Furthermore, whereas 7 of 21 participants showed an improvement in anticipation skills as indicated by shorter reaction times, the other 14 participants showed a significant decrease in the accuracy of anticipatory skills under pressure.