18世紀トランシルヴァニア・ザラトナ郡における酒と住民--騒乱と日常性
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概要
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The uprising against the introduction of a liquor selling monopoly by Armenian merchants that happened in 1782 in a Transylvanian village, Topanfalva, has been studied as the prelude to Horea's uprising that broke out in 1784 in the same region. The Horea's uprising has been placed in two processes of Romanian history: the increase of the serves' burdens and the formation of the Romanian national consciousness. The purpose of this work is to relativise these formulas with fixing the attention on the inhabitants' everyday-life around the the consumption of liquor and on the originality of this incident. Liquor was one of the most important factors in the merchandise circulation that had strong relation with the inhabitants occupations: wood cutting, pastoralism and mining. Besides, the inhabitants not only made sociability between themselves through common drinking, but also distinguished and classified themselves, through classification of drinks in terms of kinds, prices and qualities. The introduction of the liquor selling monopoly disturbed the merchandise circulation in the region and the inhabitants' occupations, keeping them away from the preferred drinks, and suspended the functioning of classification through drinking, reducing the choices of drinks. Paying attention to the everyday-life in the region, can tell us why the inhabitants uprose.
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