Growth and Anisotropic Properties of RBa2Cu3Ox Single-Crystal Whiskers

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Single-crystal whiskers of RBa2Cu3Ox (R-123, $\text{R}=\text{Sm}$, Eu, Gd, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, and Y) were successfully grown from Sb- or Te-doped precursors with a nominal composition of R1.5Ba2.75–3.00Cu3M0.5Ox (M: Sb,Te). The whiskers were grown parallel to the $ab$-plane with the following typical dimensions: 2–8 mm in length, 20–80 μm in width, and 10–30 μm in thickness. In the case of rare-earth ions (R3+) with a small ionic radius (Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, and Y), R-123 whiskers were grown from Te-doped precursors. The growths of Y-123 and Ho-123 whiskers were confirmed using both Te-doped and Sb-doped precursors. On the other hand, for rare-earth ions (R3+) with a large ionic radius (Sm, Eu, and Gd), R-123 whiskers were grown only from Sb-doped precursors. Sb and Te were not detected in the grown whiskers by electron probe microanalysis. The anisotropies of R-123 single-crystal whiskers in the flux liquid state were estimated to be 6.0–33 from the angular dependence of their resistivities under various magnetic fields. The anisotropy increased with decreasing superconducting transition temperature.
2010-03-25